A, Post-Pentecost 24 Proper 27 - Amos 5:18-24, 1 Thessalonians 4:13 "The Day Of The LORD"

Amos 5:18 (ESV) Woe to you who desire the day of the Lord! Why would you have the day of the Lord? It is darkness, and not light,

Amos 5:24 (ESV) But let justice roll down like waters, and righteousness like an ever-flowing stream.

1 Thessalonians 4:13 (ESV) But we do not want you to be uninformed, brothers, about those who are asleep, that you may not grieve as others do who have no hope.

Humanity has a fear of darkness that begins in childhood.  Many of us were scared of the dark when we were kids!  Turning off the light meant the light of our imaginations would come on, and we would imagine bad things coming to snatch us from the darkness, into the darkness. 

One of my worst dreams was of an unexplainable darkness of chaotic nothing that would wake me crying out for mum and dad.  I could not explain to them what it was I had dreamt.  How can a child explain chaotic nothing?  All I could do was seek comfort from mum and dad having felt the fear of this unexplainable experience.

Paul says to his congregation in Thessalonica, “But we do not want you to be uninformed, brothers, about those who are asleep, that you may not grieve as others do who have no hope.” (1 Thessalonians 4:13 ESV)

Here Paul talks about being asleep. This sleep is the sleep of death rather than the sleep set aside in every twenty-four-hour period that the human body needs for rejuvenation.  But like a loving parent, Paul does not want his hearers to fear this sleep of death, like a child who’s scared of the chaotic darkness, or the terrifying nothingness of death without the dawning light of God’s coming.

God our Father wants you and me to trust in the Good Friday suffering and Easter Sunday rising of Jesus Christ and the eternal rejuvenation given to us through His holy sacrifice.  At the cross the justice and wrath of God saw water and blood flow from Christ’s side after His sorrow and death.

Amos paints a graphic picture of the Day of the Lord as darkness rather than light. His warning confronts those who expect God’s coming to vindicate them while refusing His correction. As Christians, we hear this warning and turn to Good Friday, when Jesus bore the weight of the world’s woes and sin. The childhood nightmare helps us picture the terror of darkness, but Jesus’ suffering was no dream. He endured the darkness of the cross so that our hope might rest in Him rather than in ourselves.

In Amos, God is pictured as a Lion waiting to pounce on His prey.   We might accept the picture of God as a Lion who valiantly leads His people, but here the lion is God lying in wait to avenge the injustices of His people who have sought to keep God caged like a lion without hearing His Word and correcting their ways accordingly.

Amos is revealing the bleakness of Israel, who put their hope in what they did to justify themselves without returning to God.  Amos was sent to announce God’s justice to those who were using God and His ordained feasts and solemn assemblies to serve themselves. They were using sacrifices to justify themselves rather than using them repentantly so they could rest in His presence.  Amos also proclaimed God’s rejection of their songs and music that only offered lip service to God, without the proper desire to glorify Him through their song and musical praise.

The good things God had given Israel were being used to make them look good while keeping God caged. Amos’s lion image warns that God’s judgement cannot be contained by religious observance. His warning remains a wake-up call for Israel, Judah, and the denominations of Christendom today whenever we use God’s gifts to serve our own expectations of salvation through deeds of goodness. When we do, we are no different from God’s people of the Old Testament.  When we cage God faith falters because the Holy Spirit flees.  In the Spirit’s absence the grace of Jesus Christ intended for eternal salvation gets lost to idolatrous expectations that never win peace or rest with God.

The disturbing Word God gave through Amos was intended to wake the Israelites to the nightmare towards which they were heading. Their prosperity did not make their disobedience harmless or place them beyond God’s judgement. The fate of Israel and Judah gives this warning its seriousness, but we must not turn it into a rule that every dark period proves God has withdrawn. Nevertheless, we allow the Holy Spirit to test us in these times of darkness.  God wants each of us to allow Amos and the prophets to confront confidence in ourselves: if even God’s people cannot make themselves secure through prosperity or religious observance, where can we find a hope that will hold?

What, then, gives us hope when Amos’s warning exposes our sin? Not our ability to escape the darkness, and not the goodness of our religious deeds. Our hope rests in the Jesus who suffered on Good Friday and rose on Easter Sunday. The warning calls us away from self-justification; the promise turns us towards Christ. That is why we return to Paul’s words about grieving with hope. We’re reminded, “But we do not want you to be uninformed, brothers, about those who are asleep, that you may not grieve as others do who have no hope.” (1 Thessalonians 4:13 ESV)

God is a just God, and He seeks to justify us! But what happens when we turn our hopes away from His justification and righteousness towards some self-seeking justice or righteousness? Amos warns us that belonging to God’s people does not make self-justification safe. That warning calls us to examine our own trust; it does not give us grounds to treat the evils suffered by Jewish people as proof that God has abandoned them. God does not force belief, yet the hope proclaimed here is that He continues to call us away from trusting ourselves and towards Jesus Christ.

The people of Israel are still God’s people. He warned them through His prophets like Amos, and He sent His own Son to be the new Israel and in exchange offered His righteousness and sacrifice.  God still holds out hope for the nation of Israel, but as for all humanity, Jesus is the only hope.

He is your only hope too.  Just as God sought to inform Israel with His Word of Law and promise of a Messiah, God seeks to inform you through His Word of Law and Gospel, having sent our Saviour. 

It was once said that those who didn’t read the newspapers were uninformed and those who did read the papers were misinformed.  Today there are many uninformed people as well as many misinformed.  Social media, broadcast media, hearsay and gossip misinform many with the ideas and beliefs of the misinformed masses.  Misinformed people are also uninformed when it comes to the realities of God.

It’s easy to be caught up in the mania of the masses who have no hope, especially as the light of God’s life in the world is lost to the darkness of our human expectations, worries, and doubts.  But not for you!  You are encouraged by God’s Word of Law and Gospel.  The truth of God’s Word in the Old Testament is fulfilled in its promises of salvation and its warnings if one ignores its truth. 

You have the truth of God’s New Testament Word, which is the fulfilment of what was said through the Law and the Prophets. You can trust its promises of salvation and take its warnings seriously. The contrast is not between people who have heard information and people who have heard none, but between trusting God’s Word and placing your trust in the mob’s misinformation. God calls us to be informed by His Word so that our hope rests in Christ.

You’re called to hear Amos’s warning about the darkness of the Day of the Lord and to trust Jesus, who entered the darkness of the cross for us. Good Friday went dark from midday to three o’clock. Amos declares, “let justice roll down like waters, and righteousness like an ever-flowing stream.” (Amos 5:24 ESV) The flow of blood and water from Jesus’ side calls you and me to repentance.

We must not use worship to hide injustice or serve ourselves. Jesus is the Just One and Justifier. In holy-baptismal-repentance we receive His grace, and the Holy Spirit keeps our lamps burning through wilfully resting in the reception of God’s Word. Resting in Christ’s righteousness does not excuse self-serving lives; rather, it calls us to allow the Holy Spirit to lead us away from them and return to resting in Christ.

God the Father rested on the seventh day of creation. Jesus rested in the tomb on the Sabbath, the seventh day, so the angel of death could pass over you.  Now the Holy Spirit continues this “Passover work” to arrest you, so you stop, stand and remain in God’s rest in these dark times.

Our times can feel nightmarish. Like frightened children, we may struggle against the fear of darkness, while wishful thinking and misinformation around us offer no lasting comfort in the face of death. But being informed by God’s grace does not mean that we never feel afraid or that we do not grieve. Paul’s encouragement is that we need to grieve as those who have hope. When fear comes, we return to Christ’s suffering and rising, so we can encourage one another with God’s Word of hope.

In our newly formed denomination, our hope must rest in Christ, not in the fact that we have formed a new church body. To stand in Him is to abide in Christ and be informed by His Word, not to claim that our institution is beyond failure or correction. Let us hear and heed the warning given to Israel and Judah rather than turn in on ourselves. As God’s people, we are called to encourage one another and bring others into the peace and rest of God.

May we encourage each other with the Word of God and inform the masses that through the Day of the Lord—the dark day of the cross—that Friday is a very Good Friday for those who are baptised and believe in what God gives in Holy Baptism.  Amen.

Sermon Summary

Beginning with childhood fear of darkness, you are encouraged to explore the fear of death and Paul’s encouragement to grieve with hope. Amos’s warning about the Day of the Lord challenges confidence in prosperity, religious observance and our own goodness. Worship must not become a way to hide injustice or justify ourselves.

Our hope rests in Jesus Christ, who entered the darkness of the cross on Good Friday and rose on Easter Sunday. God’s Word, of Law and Gospel, calls us away from self-justification and towards His grace. Through Holy Baptism, and the Holy Spirit’s work that leads to repentance, we are called to rest in Christ’s righteousness. This hope does not remove grief or fear but sustains us through them and leads us to encourage one another. A new denomination is not our security: Christ is.

Reflection Questions

1. Reflecting on one’s childhood fear of darkness. When fear or grief comes today, where do you seek comfort? What might it mean to grieve with hope rather than without it?
2. Amos challenges trust in prosperity and religious observance. Where might we use worship or good deeds to justify ourselves rather than receive God’s correction?
3. How does Jesus’ suffering on Good Friday and rising on Easter Sunday reshape the way you face death and uncertainty?
4. You’re called to rest in Christ through God’s Word, Holy Baptism, repentance and God’s forgiveness. What might that resting look like in your daily life, and how might it lead you away from self-serving habits?
5. What voices shape your fears and expectations? How could you make space to hear God’s Word amid misinformation, worry and doubt?
6. How can our congregation place its confidence in Christ rather than its institution?
7. What practical step could you take this week to encourage someone with God’s Word of hope? 

A, Post-Pentecost 23 All Saints - Revelation 7:9-17 "The Eternal Goodness of Giving God His Glory"

This side of death, it’s hard to imagine what heaven is like.  We are beings in time, and being in time, we use it to focus on ourselves.  But as we go through these days as God’s people, the Holy Spirit works within to move the focus from ourselves to God.  But because we are human in our being, our desire to focus on ourselves never quite disappears regardless of how self-giving we might become.

John is taken from himself and given a revelation of heaven, recorded in the book of Revelation at the end of God’s Word.  He is given a look at the last things of human existence when Christ the King returns to fully reveal the resurrection of His saints, and to finally remove our self-centredness forever.

Notice in our reading today that John is asked by one of the elders, “Who are those clothed in white robes?”  Why is he asked the question?  He cannot answer it! He does not have the eternal knowledge to know!  So John replies and says, “Sir, you know!”

We do not know heaven! John is given insight into a privileged place before his death that is hidden from the sight of humanity.  John does not know.  These strange events need to be made known by God, and they give us a glimpse of what heaven is.  What is hidden from our eyes is only revealed and given by God and His Word.

John answers the elder rightly.  Imagine if, in his self-centredness, he answered the elder, “Well, I reckon that these in white robes are those who have found their way to God!”  But no!  John does not know and doesn’t guess.  The revelation of God was not about what he thought or reckoned; it was given to him. Heaven is a place of giving, and John is given God’s revelation of heaven, and in the revelation, those in white robes are giving glory to God, having been given the blood of the Lamb.

Because we are humans, we primarily concern ourselves with getting as we live in these times before eternal life is realised.  And there comes a time in our lives when we realise that we can never get enough to satisfy our human desires.  In fact, all our getting hopefully drains our desire to get.  As we grow in the Lord, God allows us to tire of getting goods.  We learn that our goods are not good enough for eternity, because acquiring these goods wearies us and kills us.

When John received God’s revelation of the everlasting hidden things, John presents himself as the faithful witness or seer.  John saw and reported what God allowed him to see and hear.  He tells us, “I, John, your brother and partner in the tribulation and the kingdom and the patient endurance that are in Jesus, was on the island called Patmos on account of the word of God and the testimony of Jesus. I was in the Spirit on the Lord’s day, and I heard behind me a loud voice like a trumpet saying, “Write what you see in a book and send it to the seven churches…” (Revelation 1:9–11a ESV)

This book is the book of Revelation, and all that he sees and reports comes from when he was in the Spirit on the Lord’s Day.  He was imprisoned in a place because of God’s Word, yet paradoxically, God allowed him to see the eternal expanse of heaven unhidden.

In this part of the revelation, John saw the saints dressed in white robes bearing palm branches, branches from trees of life, date palms that give life at oases in the Middle Eastern desert.  These are the same branches with which people welcomed Jesus into Jerusalem on Palm Sunday.  He sees Jesus Christ in all His resurrection glory, “the faithful witness, the firstborn of the dead, and the ruler of kings on earth.” (Revelation 1:5 ESV) But he sees not just Him, but also the whole throng of heaven with Him, worshipping Him eternally and arriving with Him, led by Him, into the eternal realm of the heavenly Jerusalem!

John sees the blessed, the saints of God, with Jesus who gives blessing, “…they are before the throne of God, and serve Him day and night in His temple; and He who sits on the throne will shelter them with His presence.” (Revelation 7:15 ESV)

Just as John could not answer who those were wearing the white robes, having made them white in the blood of Jesus, we have a hard time comprehending giving glory to God forever.  We think, “That’s a mighty long time,” and wonder how this eternal giving won’t get the better of us!  Such is the struggle we have comprehending the eternal glory of God and His kingdom.  This is why John could not answer the elder and why we struggle with the reality of “forever.”  As beings in time, pondering “forever” just makes us even more tired than we already are.

Yet as our getting wearies us and our tribulations drain us of life unto death, you and I yearn for rest, a sabbath from works that make us weary and break our bodies back down into the dust from which we were created. 

It might be easy for us to wallow in this reality, and many do!  But the blessing of our being broken and the breaking down of our bodies is that the Holy Spirit seeks to turn us from the death within to life from without. 

This is what Jesus was doing when He sat down to teach the Beatitudes.  Our poverty, mourning, humility, hunger, mercy, purity, peace-making, persecution, and reception of tribulation are not there for us to justify our wallowing and woes to get pity!  Rather, these occur to lead us out of ourselves and to hope for rescue and rest in God, into a holy environment of giving – giving glory to God, having been given eternal life.

As beings in time, we struggle to understand eternity.  Like John, who needed the elder to tell him what he had witnessed, we need God’s Word to see what it means to be with Him eternally.  Every human being will continue to be. It’s just a matter of faith with whom that reality will continue: with God or without Him, glorifying Him in His eternal protection, or, without Him, eternally getting grief from never getting the good we want, eternally dying without God’s protective glory.

On the seventh day, God rested. Jesus, too, rested in the tomb on the seventh day—the Sabbath. But on the eighth day, He rose to reign and rest in eternal glory. Those whom we love have washed their robes in the blood of Jesus. May we, too, let the Holy Spirit bring us through tribulation into the rest of the resurrection, with Jesus Christ and the whole company of heaven. Having laid down our deeds in death, may we rest with them in the living waters of eternal life, with our Lamb and Shepherd, Jesus Christ. Amen.

Let us pray.

Lord Jesus Christ, our Lamb and Shepherd, thank You for the life You give through Your blood. When our getting leaves us weary, turn us towards Your mercy. Holy Spirit, sustain us through tribulation and teach us to receive God’s gifts with faith and thanksgiving. Bring us into resurrection rest with the whole company of heaven, where we may give You glory forever. Amen.

 Sermon Summary

Through John’s vision in Revelation, the sermon invites you to look beyond your limited understanding of heaven and trust what God reveals in His Word. John does not guess who the white-robed multitude are; he receives the answer. Likewise, eternal life is not something we acquire by finding our own way to God. It is His gift through the blood of the Lamb.

The sermon contrasts our restless desire to get more with heaven’s life of giving glory to God. Our possessions cannot satisfy us or secure eternity. Amid weariness and tribulation, the Holy Spirit turns our attention away from ourselves and towards God’s rescue and rest. The sermon connects the Beatitudes with this movement towards dependence on Him.

The conclusion brings together God’s rest on the seventh day, Jesus’ Sabbath rest in the tomb, and His resurrection on the eighth day. Our hope is to be brought through tribulation into resurrection rest with Jesus Christ and the whole company of heaven, sharing eternal life with our Lamb and Shepherd.

Reflection

We often approach life by asking, “What can I get?” This sermon invites a different question: “What has God already given me?” The white robes point us away from our achievements and towards the Lamb. Giving glory to God begins with receiving His mercy, rather than trying to make ourselves worthy of it.

Our weariness can expose the limits of self-reliance. Yet we need not pretend that suffering is easy or hide our mourning. In our weakness, we can ask the Holy Spirit to turn us towards the life and hope God gives. The promise of resurrection rest invites us to trust our Lamb and Shepherd when we cannot see the way ahead.

As we remember those we love who rest in Christ, the sermon draws our attention to the whole company of heaven. Its final hope is not endless striving, but life with Jesus: receiving His gifts and giving Him glory.

1. Where am I seeking lasting satisfaction from things that cannot give eternal life?
2. What changes when I see giving glory to God as a response to His gifts rather than another demand?
3. What weariness or grief can I bring to Jesus, trusting Him as my Lamb and Shepherd?
4. How might the hope of resurrection rest shape the way I live today?

A, Post-Pentecost 22 Celebration of the Reformation - John 8:31–32, 36 "Truly Free Indeed"

John 8:31–32, 36 (ESV) So Jesus said to the Jews who had believed him, “If you abide in my word, you are truly my disciples, and you will know the truth, and the truth will set you free.” So if the Son sets you free, you will be free indeed.

At election time there is much talk from political candidates seeking to prove their righteousness and win the seat they’re contesting. We, the voting public, are wooed with promises of justice, funding, infrastructure repairs, tax benefits and savings. It seems that those vying for our votes cannot do enough for us during the campaign. Can you blame us for our cynicism the rest of the time when our elected politicians, premiers, and prime ministers swill and sloop abundantly from the public purse while failing to follow through on the promises made? They make us all sceptics; their bellies are full while debt and potholes only seem to grow larger.

In the next month, as the state election looms, the noise will grow to a crescendo and then fall to a lull until the federal term ends and the campaigning for votes starts up once again.

Amongst the noise of human words and promises is God’s Word of promise.  Jesus says, “If you abide in my word, you are truly my disciples, and you will know the truth, and the truth will set you free.” (John 8:31–32 ESV)

We who believe are sanctified in God’s Word, made holy in it, because it is the divine, transcendent truth—second to none! Despite what the politician Pontius Pilate said to Jesus as Jesus was tried before His crucifixion, Jesus bears witness to “the truth”. Because the Word of God is the one transcendent, objective truth, Jesus Christ, the Word made flesh, in His very nature must be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth!

Politicians promise us that they are telling the truth. The Roman politician Pilate said to Jesus, “What is truth?” The New Testament Greek word for truth is derived from the Greek word—lanthano—meaning “to hide”. To turn this word into a word meaning truth, a negative prefix is added. Therefore, the New Testament word for “truth” is something that’s not hidden! So, when Jesus said to Pilate that He bore witness to the truth, Pilate’s response, “What is truth?”, was political doublespeak. In the noise of political speech, Pilate scoffed back at Jesus, “What is not hidden?” when he said, “What is truth?”

As a politician, Pilate knew that everyone had something to hide! But with Jesus, nothing is hidden. All things were uncovered in His presence as He walked to the cross. All things continue to be uncovered now that He has borne the satisfaction required by God on the cross. He continues to uncover all things hidden by the darkness of our humanity now that He is at the right hand of the Father, having won the eternal victory at the cross over the darkness that leads to death!

Paul points out the great paradox between our sin and God’s grace, which is distinguished as the truth. This paradox cannot be understood. Instead, it is comprehended by faith, borne not of ourselves, but given by the Holy Spirit, Who powerfully enables you to believe despite the myriads of sinful things you and I have hidden in our fleshy selves. Therefore, to receive and believe the paradox of our sinfulness and God’s gracious gift of salvation, faith must come from God’s faithfulness and knowledge and be worked within us by the Holy Spirit.

Paul informs us, “For there is no distinction: for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God, and are justified by his grace as a gift, through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus, whom God put forward as a propitiation by his blood, to be received by faith. This was to show God’s righteousness, because in his divine forbearance he had passed over former sins. It was to show his righteousness at the present time, so that he might be just and the justifier of the one who has faith in Jesus.” (Romans 3:22c–26 ESV)

God’s Word is the great leveller. No one can slip around the side of His truth, now or on Judgement Day. What is hidden now will be uncovered on Judgement Day. It is best for us to uncover that sin now in confession rather than to hide it and try to explain it away when our time here is ended. Those of you who are uncertain about the forgiveness you are given through the cross would do well to come and speak to me or another pastoral servant of Jesus Christ about your struggle to receive and believe that you are a sinner; that you are forgiven through the propitiation, the atoning work of Jesus at the cross to take away your sins; and that, despite your human nature with all its hidden darkness, God the Father’s work through Jesus Christ and the Holy Spirit is enough for eternal life and peace with God forever!

Earlier, Paul said that God’s justice given through the Law is final: “so that every mouth may be stopped, and the whole world may be held accountable to God.”  (Romans 3:19 ESV)

Pilate said, “What is truth, what is not hidden, there’s hiddenness everywhere?” But every voice will be silenced! The truth about who and what you are, and who and what you trust, will be unhidden before God in His righteousness and justice. To some, this is too much to bear! Some cannot handle the truth! But it is my prayer for you that, by the Holy Spirit, you believe His truth, His Word! God is a God of justice, but through His love, He is also your justifier in Christ’s righteousness. Jesus has done the precise single thing that not only informs and saves us, but also constantly reforms us, makes us God’s holy people, and sanctifies us in the truth because God’s Word is truth!

So, Jesus promises, “if the Son sets you free, you will be free indeed. (John 8:36 ESV) This is a freedom that no one can silence. No politician or person, no spiritual force of darkness, no internal monologue or internal mutterings of the self can prevail when the Holy Spirit is allowed to fill God’s true unhidden confessors with faith.

We, as God’s holy church of Christ’s body, are constantly called to be reformed in submission to being informed by the truth of God’s Holy Word of Law and Gospel. You and I have departed from an institution and its teaching, that seems to hide behind the political doublespeak of human words. While it claims to be a church of God’s Word it appears to be dismissing the truth of God’s Word in favour of hiding behind words that are popular in our society today.

We must avoid becoming an institution that no longer binds sin to the cross of Christ, but wittingly and unwittingly binds sinners in the hiddenness of human feelings, legalities and frustrations; in a society of noise where no one listens to or loves the person as God does while remaining accountable to Him. We need to constantly look to the cross to carry our debt and be led by the Holy Spirit to avoid falling into the potholes of human institutions, words, and ideologies as we travel on the way towards our eternal reality.

Therefore, let us be constantly reformed in Christ. As Fred Pratt Green penned: The Church of Christ, in every age, beset by change, but Spirit-led, must claim and test its heritage and keep on rising from the dead. (LHS 804)

Our church fathers fought and suffered for God’s justice and justification in the work of Jesus at the cross.  And they also suffered in upholding the work of the Holy Spirit to create faith within us through the justice and righteousness of God and his Word.

God, his work, and his Word truly gives freedom—the only path to eternal peace with God.

Let us pray. Dear Heavenly Father, in the noise and clamour of these days, fill our hearts with the peace that comes from hearing the truth of Your Word. Continue to send the Holy Spirit into our hearts so that we believe and are saved from our unbelief. In our belief, give us the willing freedom to daily die to sin, to be raised to life in Your Word, and to silence the devil, the world, and the words within that keep us from our eternal peace with You. Amen.

Sermon Summary

Jesus promises that those who abide in His Word will know the truth and be set free by the Son. Unlike political promises and human doublespeak, God’s Word reveals what is hidden: our sin, God’s justice and His gracious justification of sinners through Christ’s atoning death. This freedom is received by faith, which the Holy Spirit creates and sustains within us. The Church must therefore remain under God’s Word of Law and Gospel, continually confessing its sin, looking to the cross and being reformed by the truth rather than conforming to popular human words and ideologies.

Reflection Questions

1. What does it mean for you to abide in Jesus’ Word in daily life?
2. Where are you tempted to trust human promises, popular opinions or your own inner voice more than God’s truth?
3. What sin or hidden burden do you need to bring into the light through confession?
4. How does Christ’s atoning work assure you that God is both just and the One Who justifies sinners?
5. Where do you need the Holy Spirit to strengthen your faith in the freedom Christ has already won for you?
6. How can the Church remain accountable to God’s Word of Law and Gospel while speaking faithfully within society?
7. What teaching, habit or assumption in your life needs to be tested and reformed by God’s Word?

A, Post-Pentecost 21 Proper 24 - Matthew 22:15-22 "In the Image of God"

Matthew 22:15–22 (ESV) Then the Pharisees went and plotted how to entangle Him in His words. And they sent their disciples to Him, along with the Herodians, saying, “Teacher, we know that You are true and teach the way of God truthfully, and You do not care about anyone’s opinion, for You are not swayed by appearances. Tell us, then, what You think. Is it lawful to pay taxes to Caesar, or not?” But Jesus, aware of their malice, said, “Why put Me to the test, you hypocrites? Show Me the coin for the tax.” And they brought Him a denarius. And Jesus said to them, “Whose likeness and inscription is this?” They said, “Caesar’s.” Then He said to them, “Therefore render to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God’s.” When they heard it, they marveled. And they left Him and went away.

The extraordinary simple desires of God versus the absurd desires of man are brought to light in the question the Pharisees and the Herodians pose to Jesus after taking counsel to trap Him.  Jesus continues to be tested spiritually and theologically in a bid to trap Him in an ethical or moral dilemma.  The Jews have no care for what is lawful in the Law of God in adhering to Roman laws concerning tax.  Rather, the Jews care only about discrediting and destroying Jesus, and in doing so seek to trick Jesus into condemning Himself.  But Jesus does not fall for their nonsense which is bound up in their cares, desires, and will for themselves.

We are told in the text that Jesus is acutely aware of their malice, their evil intent, and is not fooled by their nonsense for a moment. He calls them hypocrites, underhanded judges, using God and His Word as a front, to justify their evil desires and actions.  The question of whether they should pay taxes to Caesar is never answered.  Instead, Jesus asks for a coin with which they used to pay tax under Rome’s rule.

Having received the denarius, Jesus asks, “Whose likeness and inscription is this?” (Matthew 22:20 ESV) Jesus asks them whose image and inscription it bears, knowing full well what they had to answer.  In seeking to catch Jesus out with a question under false pretences appealing to God’s Law, Jesus catches them out in their trick, in their nonsense, in their desire, with a call to “…render to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God’s.” (Matthew 22:21 ESV)

What is Jesus telling the Pharisees and the Herodians to do?  What is He calling you and me to do? To give to God what is God’s!  What were these two groups of Jews giving to God, and what has it to do with Caesar’s likeness and inscription on a denarius?

For you, me, and those whom Jesus was confronting, Jesus was not really speaking about Caesar or our money, yet He uses these very things to expose idolatry in the self.  Jesus confronts the idols we make of our human image and our human words­—written, spoken, and thought.  Jesus didn’t buy into the nonsense of humanity’s corrupted image, deeds, and desires but confronted these idols on the way to the cross where He bore our corruption without being corrupt in any way, shape, or form.  Jesus bore the likeness of humanity without idolising the flesh of His humanity, the things the flesh desires, and the inscription written in His flesh is the very Word of God.  He is the Word made flesh and His desire and will was and still is to fulfil the will of God.

Jesus and His Word are still amongst us, exposing our hypocrisy, our nonsense, and self-righteousness in the face of His fulfilling all righteousness in His death and resurrection.  His call still remains, “Are you rendering to God the things that are God’s?”    

God has covered you with His righteousness in baptism and as life rubs away at you what image appears?  What likeness and inscription shows through?  God’s, Caesar’s, or your own, like the Pharisees and the Herodians?  Like stencilling and rubbing a coin under paper, what image appears to others as life wears away at you?  Like a mould being cast, what or whose mark are you leaving in this world?

Jesus knows the hidden motives humanity has for itself.  He knew it before His crucifixion, and knew it would lead to His being crucified.  It’s no different today either, Jesus still knows the nonsense with which we like to cloak ourselves having turned away from being constantly created in the image of God by His Word to glorify Him.  This is true even of you and me, who have been re-clothed with Christ in the baptismal garb of His death and resurrection!  Such is our desire to sin!  Therefore, His question still cuts to the core of our deeds and desires.

Some biblical scholars have considered the Pharisees and the Herodians as being on opposite sides of the “rendering to Caesar” debate, where the Pharisees considered it a violation of Jewish Law to pay tax to Caesar whereas the Herodians were politically aligned with Rome and thought it a crime to not pay the tax to Caesar.  You can see how loaded their question is, why Jesus didn’t answer it, and His need to turn the tables back on their motives for asking the question if it is lawful to pay tax to Caesar or not!

In the days of Covid, there was much debate within the church whether one should vaccinate or not.  Similar to the Pharisees and Herodians there were opposing views.  Jesus’ command to give to God the things that are God’s also cuts through the motives of these opposing views.  Even the ordination debate with those who have progressive motives and desires and those who have conservative motives and desires both are called through repentance to give to God the things of God.

All are called to lay down their idols.  As we’re told, “For all the gods of the peoples are worthless idols, but the Lord made the heavens.” (Psalm 96:5 ESV)  And as Paul reports about the Thessalonians, “…you turned to God from idols to serve the living and true God, and to wait for His Son from heaven, whom He raised from the dead, Jesus who delivers us from the wrath to come.” 1 Thessalonians 1:9b–10 (ESV)

 So, what are the things of God that we’re called to give to God? 

The other day I bought a new hard drive for my computer to store videos and photos.  It’s a twenty-four-terabyte drive.  When I first had a computer built while at seminary it was the biggest thing around at six gigabytes.  The drive I just bought is over four thousand times larger.  Digital watches today have more processing power than the computers that put man on the moon.  The point is, we tend to hang onto images and documents long after we’ve used them and they become baggage we desire to keep on carrying around with us.  I still have pictures and documents on my computer that I had on that first hard drive at seminary.

But the things we’re called to give to God do not compound at an exponential rate that temps us away from the focus God wants us to have. 

God’s will and desire for you and me is to pass through this existence without carrying that baggage, trying to take it with us.  He wants you to use the things of this world to daily sustain you, rendering to Caesar what is Caesar’s, so you give to God the things of God.  God’s will for you on earth is His will for you in heaven.  To see, “that you have put off the old self with its practices and have put on the new self, which is being renewed in knowledge after the image of its creator.” (Colossians 3:9–10 ESV)

Jesus gave to God the things of God.  He exposes the nonsense of all things that see us seeking to carry our goods and chattels throughout life, like Santa Claus carrying his Christmas sack.  However, like Santa, we might see our bag of goodies as gifts to give to our neighbours to win them for the kingdom of Heaven.

Jesus does expose the inability to clear the “hard drive” of your heart and its desires.  But He has taken the hard road to save you, to “save all”, from the nonsense of humanity.  Jesus gave to God everything including His life so that you can have life.  He gave Himself so you and I can repent of our good and evil and wait on Him.  He now sends His Holy Spirit to continually cleanse you and present you to our Father conformed to His perfect and glorious image.  Amen.  

Jesus said: ‘Give to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and give to God the things that are God’s.’ All we have and all we are have come from God; let us worship Him with our offerings.

Sermon Summary

In Matthew 22:15–22, the Pharisees and Herodians try to trap Jesus with a question about paying taxes to Caesar. Jesus sees through their malice and redirects the issue from politics and money to worship, identity, and allegiance: “Render to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God’s.” A coin bears Caesar’s image, but human beings bear the image of God. Therefore, our lives—our bodies, minds, words, possessions, motives, and desires—belong to God. Jesus exposes the idols and self-righteousness we carry, yet He also bears our corruption to the cross and clothes us with His righteousness in baptism. Through repentance and the work of the Holy Spirit, God continually reshapes us into the image of Christ. Freed from clinging to worldly baggage, we are called to use earthly things faithfully, serve our neighbours, and offer our whole selves to God.

Reflection Questions

1. What does Jesus’ command “to give to God what belongs to God” reveal about who we are and whose image we bear?
2. Where might pride, self-righteousness, fear, possessions, politics, or personal desires have become idols in your life?
3. When life “rubs away” at you, whose likeness and inscription become visible through your words, choices, and relationships?
4. How does your baptismal identity in Christ challenge the way you understand yourself and your purpose?
5. What worldly baggage are you carrying that God may be calling you to release through repentance?
6. How can you use your money, time, abilities, and possessions faithfully without allowing them to define or control you?
7. In a disagreement, how can you examine your own motives before judging the motives of others?
8. What would it look like this week to offer your whole self to God and serve your neighbour as someone being renewed in the image of Christ?