A, Post-Pentecost 13 Proper 16 - Matthew 16:13-20 "Son of the Living God"

Living post-resurrection, we lose the enormity of Peter’s confession that Jesus of Nazareth is both the Son of God and the Christ.  In our ears we hear Jesus, Christ, and Son of God as a synonymous confession of the same man, and rightly so!

But to understand the magnitude of what Peter confesses we need to realise in that in his day Jesus of Nazareth, the Christ, and Son of God were not perceived as one and the same person.  In fact, one claiming someone as the Son of God was considered as blasphemy!  It is only after the resurrection that confession of Jesus as the Christ and as the Son of God became one in the Early Church.  Judaism still considers this to be blasphemy.

In Matthew’s Gospel it is the devil who’s recorded as first addressing Jesus as the Son of God.   Twice he temps Jesus, saying, “If you are the Son of God, command these stones to become loaves of bread.” (Matthew 4:3 ESV) 

And second, “If you are the Son of God, throw yourself down, for it is written, “ ‘He will command his angels concerning you,’ and “ ‘On their hands they will bear you up, lest you strike your foot against a stone.’ ”(Matthew 4:6 ESV)

If the devil, who succeeded in tempting the first man, Adam, into sin, can succeed in tempting the Son of God, born as the Son of Man, to put right the sin of the first man, then he would have been able to stop God’s plan of salvation for humanity.

But Jesus who his both Son of Man and Son of God, is not tempted into sin despite being hungry and humiliated by the devil.  “If” Jesus is the Son of God, is not even a matter for question.  Not, “if” He is the Son of God, rather, Jesus “is” the Son of God, born to be the Son of Man.

Jesus refers to Himself as the Son of Man.  It’s only recorded in John’s Gospel that Jesus refers to Himself as the Son of God.  The Synoptic Gospels (Matthew, Mark, and Luke) very deliberately record others as confessing him as Son of God.

The title Son of Man is a term from the Old Testament, first used by Balaam when God gave him his word to respond to Balak.  God says, “God is not man, that he should lie, or a son of man, that he should change his mind.  Has he said, and will he not do it? Or has he spoken, and will he not fulfill it?  Behold, I received a command to bless: he has blessed, and I cannot revoke it.” (Numbers 23:19–20 ESV)

Job is told by Bildad the Shuhite, “Dominion and fear are with God; he makes peace in his high heaven.  Behold, even the moon is not bright, and the stars are not pure in his eyes;  how much less man, who is a maggot, and the son of man, who is a worm!”  (Job 25: 2,5–6 ESV)

In Psalm eight which is taken up in Hebrews chapter two we hear, “What is man, that you are mindful of him, or the son of man, that you care for him?  You made him for a little while lower than the angels; you have crowned him with glory and honour,  putting everything in subjection under his feet.” Now in putting everything in subjection to him, he left nothing outside his control. At present, we do not yet see everything in subjection to him.”  (Hebrews 2:6–8 ESV)

In addition to this, Ezekiel is named “son of man” as he is called to serve both the Israelites and gentiles with prophecy.  God says to Ezekiel, “Son of man, stand on your feet, and I will speak with you.”  And as he spoke to me, the Spirit entered into me and set me on my feet, and I heard him speaking to me.  And he said to me, “Son of man, I send you to the people of Israel, to nations of rebels, who have rebelled against me. They and their fathers have transgressed against me to this very day.” (Ezekiel 2:1–3 ESV)

If we ponder the first son of man, we think of Cain.  Adam and Eve expected Cain to be the great successor who would crush the serpent under his heel, but he wasn’t!  Instead like Adam, Cain was driven out by God after he killed Abel. 

Interestingly, Cain and Abel are not named as sons, even though they were sons of Adam and Eve.  But it is only Seth who is named son.  We hear, “Adam knew his wife again, and she bore a son and called his name Seth, for she said, “God has appointed for me another offspring instead of Abel, for Cain killed him.”  (Genesis 4:25 ESV)

And again, “When Adam had lived 130 years, he fathered a son in his own likeness, after his image, and named him Seth.”  (Genesis 5:3 ESV)

Seth was the substitute for Cain and Abel, and it is through him that God would substitute the sin of Adam with the righteousness of the Son of Man, Jesus of Nazareth, for us all.

Jesus is the Son of Man as the fulfilment of what Daniel saw in a vision, “I saw in the night visions, and behold, with the clouds of heaven there came one like a son of man, and he came to the Ancient of Days and was presented before him.  And to him was given dominion and glory and a kingdom, that all peoples, nations, and languages should serve him; his dominion is an everlasting dominion, which shall not pass away, and his kingdom one that shall not be destroyed.” (Daniel 7:13–14 ESV)

Jesus came as the Son of Man, to serve man as a son serves his father and family.   For Jesus to do this he had to put his divinity aside to serve as we are told in Philippians two, “though he was in the form of God, did not count equality with God a thing to be grasped,  but emptied himself, by taking the form of a servant, being born in the likeness of men.  And being found in human form, he humbled himself by becoming obedient to the point of death, even death on a cross.”  (Philippians 2:6–8 ESV)

Jesus’ servanthood is one of peacemaking.  At the Sermon on the Mount he says, “Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called sons of God.”  (Matthew 5:9 ESV)

As with all the beatitudes they are fulfilled in the servanthood of Jesus, the Son of Man, who became poor in spirit and was persecuted for righteousness’ sake so we could have the kingdom of heaven.  Who mourned over sin that we could be comforted, who became meek in order that we inherit a new earth, who hungered and thirsted for our righteousness, to satisfy God’s requirement of righteousness.  And who made peace being the servant Son of Man, so we can be called sons of God.

But all this was yet to happen at the cross.  Peter and all the other disciples had witnessed the demons in Legion cry out to Jesus, “What have you to do with us, O Son of God?  Have you come here to torment us before the time?”  (Matthew 8:29 ESV)

It took two turbulent trips across the Sea of Galilee, feeding the five thousand, healings, and being sent out as apostles, for the disciples to see the unhidden truth and confess Jesus as the Son of God.

But now, in the text for today, Jesus askes the disciples who the Son of Man is?   Peter confesses, “You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.”  (Matthew 16:16 ESV)  He says this after the other disciples tell Jesus who others think he is. 

But Peter has not learnt this from others, nor from within himself, but from God.  Jesus says to him, “Blessed are you, Simon Bar-Jonah! For flesh and blood has not revealed this to you, but my Father who is in heaven.” (Matthew 16:17 ESV)

It is God the Father himself who has led Peter to confess Jesus of Nazareth, the Son of Man, as the Christ, and as the Son of the living God.  The Living Father brings about a living confession from Peter, that hidden within Jesus of Nazareth, is the living Christ and Son of God.

In next week’s Gospel reading we hear how Peter’s confession from God the Father is replaced by his rebuke when the Son of the Living God tells the disciples he will be made21` Christ through his death and resurrection.

Jesus is the Son of God, the Christ anointed to serve humanity as the Son of Man, humiliated as if he was a maggot or the worm of humanity.  In this three-fold role he is our living sacrifice, resurrected from the dead.  He did not lie; he did not change his mind; he fulfilled what he was sent to do on the cross!  Now raised in victory over his sinless death, “God has highly exalted him and bestowed on him the name that is above every name.”  (Philippians 2:9 ESV)

Paul says we are to present our bodies as a living sacrifice, not to be conformed to the world.  How do we do this?

Just as Peter’s confession was not of his own, our service as living sacrifices is not of our own.  Our work of living as a sacrifice is anchored in Jesus Christ, our Living Sacrifice.  He put his divinity aside and was carried along by the Holy Spirit who rested on him in his baptism.  For us to be living sacrifices for him, we too need the Holy Spirit, so we can have our sinful nature put aside and substituted for a new spirit, a spirit that trusts in Jesus despite the cost.

We now live and move and have our being because Jesus of Nazareth is the resurrected Christ, the living Son of God.  Now that we are sons of God through Jesus’ death and resurrection, we have freedom to be servants of humanity, serving others with forgiveness and confession of, how and what God has forgiven us.  Amen.

Sermon Summary
This sermon reflects on Peter’s confession that Jesus is “the Christ, the Son of the living God” and shows how remarkable that confession was before the resurrection. It traces the titles “Son of Man” and “Son of God” through Scripture, showing that Jesus is both truly human and truly divine: the promised Son of Man who serves, suffers, and fulfils God’s saving purposes, and the Son of God who overcomes temptation, sin, death, and the devil.

Peter’s confession is not produced by human insight but revealed by the Father. In the same way, Christian faith and service do not arise from our own strength. Because Jesus humbled himself as the servant Son of Man and was raised as the living Son of God, believers are made sons of God through him and are freed to live as servants of others, offering themselves as living sacrifices through the work of the Holy Spirit.

1.   Reflection Questions

1. Why is Peter’s confession that Jesus is “the Christ, the Son of the living God” so significant in its original context?
2. How does understanding Jesus as both Son of Man and Son of God deepen your understanding of his saving work?
3. What does Jesus’ resistance to the devil’s temptations reveal about his identity and mission?
4. In what ways does Jesus fulfil the Old Testament hopes connected with the “son of man”?
5. How does Jesus’ humility and servanthood in Philippians 2 shape the way we understand Christian service?
6. Peter’s confession was revealed by the Father rather than discovered by human wisdom. How does this encourage humility in faith?
7. What does it mean for you to present your body as a living sacrifice, anchored in Christ’s living sacrifice?
8. Where might the Holy Spirit be calling you to put aside your sinful nature and trust Jesus despite the cost?
9. How can being made a son or daughter of God through Christ free you to serve others with forgiveness?
10. What confession of Christ do your words and actions make before others?

B, Easter 3 - Acts 3:14-16, 1 John 3:2-3, Luke 24:45-49 "The Author of Life"

Acts 3:14–16 (ESV)  But you denied the Holy and Righteous One, and asked for a murderer to be granted to you,  and you killed the Author of life, whom God raised from the dead. To this we are witnesses.  And his name—by faith in his name—has made this man strong whom you see and know, and the faith that is through Jesus has given the man this perfect health in the presence of you all.

1 John 3:2–3 (ESV)  Beloved, we are God’s children now, and what we will be has not yet appeared; but we know that when he appears we shall be like him, because we shall see him as he is.  And everyone who thus hopes in him purifies himself as he is pure.

Luke 24:45–49 (ESV)  Then Jesus opened their minds to understand the Scriptures,  and said to them, “Thus it is written, that the Christ should suffer and on the third day rise from the dead,  and that repentance for the forgiveness of sins should be proclaimed in his name to all nations, beginning from Jerusalem.  You are witnesses of these things.  And behold, I am sending the promise of my Father upon you. But stay in the city until you are clothed with power from on high.”

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The Author of life is raised by God from death.  The Author of life opens the minds of those who are gathered before him.  And he calls those gathered to wait;  to wait to be clothed with power from on high.

The power with which the church is clothed is the power of life!  This life-power is the authority of Jesus’ resurrection.  The promise of God is this: we are made his children.  Life is authored within us by the resurrected Author of life, Jesus Christ, the Son of God!

God has placed us in a holding pattern of life.  Although we experience the corruption of dying and death in our daily existence, we are called to expect the revelation of being like Jesus.  But this will only be realised when we see him as he is, at his return, at our eternal resurrection.   Until then, we are dying in this existence!  But we’re dying to live! 

The holding pattern is revealed within us as faith, having been clothed with power from on high.  Faith is not a feeling, although faith can make us feel good at times, for which we are thankful!  But faith gives each of us an expectation of being made like Jesus, despite what our experiences and feelings tell us in this world.

As we age, we experience, the effects of sin on our bodies.  Some of the things we suffer might have come as a result of sinful deeds.  From the sinful things we’ve done!  But the reality is, even if we did nothing wrong, if we did not sin, we would still suffer from our human being, being human, that in its very nature is sinful.

The nature of our being; its feelings, its thoughts, its works, the mechanics of our physical bodies, our senses of sight, touch, taste, smell, and hearing, exist and fail in the deconstruction that’s death.  Therefore, we all suffer!   

Jesus came into his own dying creation to reinject it with life, lost when humanity was separated from the tree of life.  For Jesus to fix his creation, he suffered in his creation, suffering that led to death.  The Creator died in his very own creation, so life could be recreated within a creation existing in death.

After Jesus was raised and ascended into heaven, and was hidden from our sight, it may have seemed that all returned to what it was before.  After all, death still exists!  People are still given to following the deadliness of their human nature and hide their sin.  But the reality of true life is now a reality of faith, that exposes the truth about us and the truth about Jesus Christ!

Peter and John are in the temple after the first Pentecost.  The apostles’ minds had been opened by Jesus as he appeared amongst them after the resurrection.  They no longer cowered and hid from the Jews.  In fact, at Pentecost they proclaimed the risen Lord to the Jews, and many became believers.

A man, lame from birth, begging at the temple, walks as a result of Peter’s  proclamation.   They who had their minds opened by Jesus, now open the minds of others.  This was not an act of Peter or John, but rather an act of the Holy Spirit, working with and through the apostles, and within the man who having been healed, “entered the temple with them, walking and leaping and praising God.” (Acts 3:8 ESV)

The irony of this first healing event should not ever be lost on us!  Here the man whose sinful nature prevented him from entering the temple, now enters the temple.  His inability to enter was not from any sin that he had done, but rather it was the consequences of the nature he received at birth. 

Like him we are lame in every way before God and have no earthly way of entering into his presence.  But now like the lame man who walked and leapt his way into the temple, praising God, we can praise God in his presence too!

But the temple curtain has been torn, and God is no longer found at his mercy seat in the Holy of Holies.  Where is God if he is not in the temple sanctuary? 

Well, God is in his sanctuary!  However, the sanctuary has changed!  God now lives within his children.  He tabernacles within!  God now enters the Jerusalem temple, as Peter and John enter the temple, as the dancing praising healed man enters, and also enters in those who had received the Holy Spirit, as a result of that first Pentecost.

We know that the temple in Jerusalem was destroyed by the Romans in seventy AD.  From Good Friday, God no longer sits on his mercy seat in the Jerusalem temple.  In mercy he now rests in the hearts of those who believe.  God now covers the sinful nature of believers, despite the sin that still comes from believers.   By 70 AD, the believers had long been dispersed by persecution from the Jerusalem temple.  God’s mercy now sat in the hearts of the dispersed, and the temple was sacked.   It no longer had a purpose in God’s plan of salvation!

Today, God gathers us as church in Jesus’ resurrection victory.  He gathers us by the power of the Holy Spirit and will continue to do so as he has promised!  The promise we have is that we are God’s children now, called together in power from on high.  Faith in the name of Jesus has made you strong.  Jesus sees and knows you!  The faith that’s received from Jesus, by the Spirit, gives you the perfection of Jesus, for life eternal as we die. 

So, God authors holy life in you now, through his holy word and holy sacraments.  Repentance and forgiveness of sin, confessed, received, believed, and seen only through faith, enlivens and enlightens you, despite the corruption you see working within.

As God opens your mind in his word, he shows you two things, which matures faith within. 

First, he enlightens us with an ever-increasing sight of the sinful nature and its deadliness.  This would drive us to despair and eternal death if he did not graciously and mercifully reveal it to us in a timely manner.  God does not expose us to more than we can bear.

The second thing he does after revealing an ever-increasing sight of our sin is an ever-increasing sight of his merciful presence in his word and sacrament.  This occurs when we are gathered, being forgiven, and fed, so he might continue to tabernacle within us as church.  We then disperse, taking the mercy of God out into the dispersion where others have an opportunity to see Jesus working within us, through the power of the Holy Spirit, to confess him and to confess his forgiveness of our sin.

The maturing of faith allows you to witness what Jesus Christ works within your being, despite being sinful.  You clearly see your sin and inability to work your way out of it.  But through knowledge of Jesus, his death and resurrection, and the acts of the Holy Spirit, mature faith finds it’s completion in hope. 

Therefore, everyone who hopes in Jesus Christ is purified as he is pure.  The Holy Spirit works this deposit of the pure holy of holies within you, where the Father sits enthroned on his mercy seat.  Jesus is the mercy seat of God, the Author of life within. 

So, as forgiven and covered sinners, we trust less and less in ourselves, and wait more and more, for the Author of life and his eternal lifegiving goodness. 

Amen. 

C, Epiphany 3 - Luke 4:14–21 "It's Time to Come to Church"

 Luke 4:14–21 (ESV) And Jesus returned in the power of the Spirit to Galilee, and a report about him went out through all the surrounding country.  And he taught in their synagogues, being glorified by all.  And he came to Nazareth, where he had been brought up. And as was his custom, he went to the synagogue on the Sabbath day, and he stood up to read.  And the scroll of the prophet Isaiah was given to him. He unrolled the scroll and found the place where it was written,  “The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he has anointed me to proclaim good news to the poor. He has sent me to proclaim liberty to the captives and recovering of sight to the blind, to set at liberty those who are oppressed,  to proclaim the year of the Lord’s favour.”  And he rolled up the scroll and gave it back to the attendant and sat down.  And the eyes of all in the synagogue were fixed on him.  And he began to say to them,“Today this Scripture has been fulfilled in your hearing.”

This is the start of Jesus’ ministry.  And where does he find himself?  In a congregation, amongst God’s people with God's Word!  He's been brought there by the Holy Spirit.  And there he does not bring them new word but Word from Scripture which they would have heard and considered many times before.

The Holy Spirit rested on him in his baptism.  Led him into the wilderness to be tempted by Satan.  And now brings him into the synagogue to proclaim the Word of God; to fulfil the Old Testament Scriptures.

Jesus announces he is the one to bring good news to the poor; freedom to slaves and those afflicted; sight to the blind, and favour or a holy jubilee from the Lord.

But first to the pattern.  This pattern is easily overlooked!  The Holy Spirit works within a very precise structure.  He does so because he is God, he proceeds from God the Father and God the Son, and he inspired peopled to write down the Word of God.  Therefore, the Holy Spirit chooses to work through the Word of God!

All the way through his ministry, Jesus goes from synagogue to synagogue and on the Sabbath day, finds himself in the presence of God’s people and God’s Word.

In the synagogue at Nazareth, he is given Isaiah to read, and he reads from chapter sixty-one, “The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he has anointed me to proclaim good news to the poor.  He has sent me to proclaim liberty to the captives and recovering of sight to the blind, to set at liberty those who are oppressed,  to proclaim the year of the Lord’s favour.” (Luke 4:18–19 ESV)

When Jesus finishes the reading from Isaiah, he gives the scroll back and preaches a one sentence sermon, saying, “Today this Scripture has been fulfilled in your hearing.” (Luke 4:21 ESV)

Unfortunately, I cannot preach a one sentence sermon.  Not because I have more to say than Jesus!  But rather, because I am not Jesus.

All the Old Testament pointed forward to the Messiah.  A Messiah anointed by the Holy Spirit.  Jesus preaches a one sentence sermon, but its preface is everything written about him beforehand under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit in the Old Testament. 

But what is it the Holy Spirit is anointing the Messiah to do?

First, he is anointed to preach the Gospel to the poor.  The poor are beggars, and beggars beg for mercy.  With outstretched arms those who truly know their predicament and trust Jesus over all things will cry out, “Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!” (Luke 18:38 ESV)  Just as the blind beggar Bartimaeus did, when Jesus of Nazareth was entering Jericho, on his way to Jerusalem and death on the cross.

But it was not just a word of good news that the poor received, it was also release from captivity, a recovery from clouded sight, and deliverance from the madness of being overlooked.  The poor and the blind and the oppressed would have a new start in the Lord’s favour. 

This favour was greater than the jubilee of the Old Testament.  Every fifty years was a jubilee, debt was released, and people got their property back.  Here, Jesus was led by the Spirit to declare the eternal release to the poor, the captives, the blinded, and the oppressed.  All those held down by their sin and the sin of others. 

People get their life back through the life and death of Jesus of Nazareth.

Just as the Holy Spirit led Jesus, our lives in Christ are led in the pattern of the Holy Spirit.  And through the Holy Spirit’s work, we get our lives back.  The Holy Spirit wills those to trust in Jesus for sight and faith, for release from captivity and oppression, and to cry out for mercy!  The Holy Spirit wills us with his pattern and we see the pattern at work in Jesus.

What is the pattern of the Holy Spirit for you?  What is the Holy Spirit’s will for you?

We get a glimpse of what it is when Jesus sends out the seventy-two followers and they return to him having been given power over Satan.  We hear from Luke ten… 

In that same hour he rejoiced in the Holy Spirit and said, “I  thank you, Father, Lord of heaven and earth, that you have hidden these things from the wise and understanding and revealed them to little children; yes, Father, for such was your gracious will.  All things have been handed over to me by my Father, and no one knows who the Son is except the Father, or who the Father is except the Son and anyone to whom the Son chooses to reveal him.” (Luke 10:21–22 ESV)

Just like the seventy-two sent out by Jesus, you have been sent out from this place in the Word of God, in the power of the Holy Spirit.  Just as Jesus went out and came in, by the power of the Spirit you too come in as beggars but go out rich in the Word of God.  Jesus reveals his Father to you!

You have come in as captives but have been free from eternal death in the forgiveness of sins.  You have sought mercy to be released from the depression and maddening oppression of your old Adam.  You have been given the promise of an eternal inheritance in the glory of God the Father.

Just as Jesus came into the synagogue and the seventy-two came to him, you have come here to church, led by the Holy Spirit, gathered together in our Messiah, Jesus Christ, all forgiven members of the one body under our head, Jesus Christ. 

The Holy Spirit has brought us here to be taught by Jesus Christ in the Word of God, and through his word the Heavenly Father is revealed to us, his little children, his church.  We his children in his church are his weak ones – poor, captives, blind, and oppressed. 

Today is the first day of the new week.  Today is the first day of the new creation in Christ.  It is also the eighth day of the old week.  It is the day of resurrection from sins of the last seven days of the old creation.  We are sent out bearing his victory.  The sin which we all carry; the poverty, the captivity, the blindness, and the oppression, is now covered under his cloak of victory over sin.

When you have doubt about the power of God to cover and forgive your sin, Jesus tells us to ask for the Holy Spirit.  “If you then, who are evil, know how to give good gifts to your children, how much more will the heavenly Father give the Holy Spirit to those who ask him!”(Luke 11:13 ESV)

If Jesus is led by the power of the Holy Spirit!  If he tells you to ask for the Holy Spirit!  If Jesus praises God in the joy of the Holy Spirit!  And, if you are his child and we are his children!  If Jesus was led into God’s congregation on the sabbath, if he fulfilled the Sabbath by resting in the grave and descending into hell between Good Friday and Easter Sunday!

Then surely, we will receive the greater gift of the Gospel, the forgiveness of sins and peace with God the Father, when we come to church to be forgiven and fed on the day of his resurrection. 

Jesus finds himself with his people on the Sabbath.  Find yourself with Jesus and his other forgiven sinners on the day of his resurrection.  Let the Holy Spirit place you in his weekly pattern, in church.  It’s time to come to church!

In church you receive the will of God the Father, the will of God the Son, and the will of God the Holy Spirit.  Amen.